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New frontiers in prostate cancer treatment with Actinium-225
Prostate cancer is one of the most widespread malignant tumors in men. The pathology is successfully
treated in the first three stages, when the tumor can be removed or destroyed by radiation, but the disease at the metastatic stage becomes incurable. Surgery is usually not performed in such patients, and the main methods of treatment are hormonal and chemotherapy.
At a certain point this treatment stops working. 177Lu-PSMA-617 – Lutetium radiotargeted therapy,
becomes the next stage of treatment. A less common method of radiotargeted therapy is the treatment of prostate cancer with Actinium-225. It allows for a good outcome even in patients who have not responded to Lutetium therapy. In addition, the possibility of combined use of Actinium and Lutetium as part of tandem therapy is being investigated.
Principle of the method
Prostate cancer cells express a protein called prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), which is not found in other tissues. PSMA is a target for the radiopharmaceutical. Once injected into the body, the drug accumulates only in tissues with high levels of PSMA because it binds to this protein. This results in a selective effect on the tumor and its metastases with minimal side effects.
Various radionuclides can be attached to ligands that target PSMA. The first such radionuclide was
Lutetium-177, which was synthesized in Germany in 2010, and its efficacy was first confirmed in trials in 2015. The good results were subsequently confirmed in a large study involving 13 university hospitals in Germany.
In recent years, Actinium-225 has been used instead of Lutetium. It destroys cancer cells with alpha
radiation.
Advantages and disadvantages of Actinium-225
Lutetium-177 is still considered the mainstay of radiotargeted therapy for castration-resistant prostate
cancer. However, Actinium is also used in certain situations, usually in patients with advanced cancer who have not responded to Lutetium treatment or when the efficacy of 177Lu-PSMA-617 has decreased after several courses (cancer progression has resumed).
Advantages of Actinium-225 over Lutetium-177:
● More pronounced effect due to alpha radiation causing double-strand breaks in DNA strands
● Less toxic effect on bone marrow and hematopoietic function due to shorter recovery time
● Works even in cases where the cancer is progressing against the background of Lutetium therapy
However, it is worth considering the disadvantages of this method:
● Limited evidence base compared to Lutetium
● Higher incidence of side effects, especially dry mouth
Who is a candidate for Actinium therapy
Radiotargeted therapy with Actinium is considered a novel treatment. The technique is indicated for
patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (MCRPC) who:
● Have received Lutetium radiotargeted therapy but have not responded to it
● Have responded to Lutetium radiotargeted therapy, but have stopped responding after several
courses of treatment
● As part of tandem therapy: when Actinium and Lutetium are used in reduced doses
In summary, Actinium therapy is one of the last treatment options. It is used when chemotherapy, hormone therapy, radiotargeted therapy with Lutetium, and possibly targeted therapy (in the case of BRCA mutations, which occur in 28% of patients with metastatic prostate cancer) have already been tried. In addition, the choice of treatment tactics takes into account the location of the metastases. In the presence of predominantly bone metastases and pain syndrome, radionuclide therapy with Radium-223 is preferred, and in the presence of predominantly organ metastases, radiotargeted therapy with Lutetium or Actinium is performed.
If you want to undergo innovative treatment in Germany, visit Booking Health website. Our team will find a clinic for you and organize your trip.
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NFL And CFL Betting 101: Why You Shouldn’t Bet With Your Emotions
Betting on the NFL and CFL can add an extra layer of excitement to the games, enhancing the
experience for many fans. However, successful sports betting requires discipline and strategy rather than just a passionate love for the game. Emotions, whether high or low, can cloud judgment and lead to impulsive, often regrettable decisions. This guide highlights why detaching from emotions when betting on football is crucial, offering practical strategies to keep your bets rational and strategic.
The Dangers of Emotional Betting
Betting with emotions, or betting impulsively based on personal bias or loyalty, can create a skewed perception of the game. It’s common for fans to overestimate their favorite team’s performance or assume a player’s history will guarantee a particular outcome. These assumptions lead to what’s known as “confirmation bias”, where fans see only the information that supports their beliefs and ignore contradictory data. This can cause bettors to overlook crucial insights, like injury reports or statistics, leading to inaccurate wagers.
Emotional betting also fuels what’s called “chasing losses”. This occurs when bettors, frustrated by previous losses, place increasingly risky football bets in an attempt to win back money. This approach is rarely successful and can quickly turn manageable losses into significant setbacks. By staying rational and informed, you can avoid these pitfalls and make more calculated, objective bets.
Strategies to Minimize Emotional Influence
One of the best ways to avoid emotional betting is to establish clear betting strategies based on data and analysis. Here are a few tactics to keep in mind:
1. Analyze Data, Not Personal Feelings: Before placing a bet, review all available data, including team statistics, recent performance trends, and injury reports. A data-driven approach helps eliminate bias, allowing you to focus on concrete factors that influence game outcomes rather than relying on loyalty or gut feelings.
2. Limit Bets on Favorite Teams or Players: It’s easy to let personal favorites dictate betting choices, but this often leads to poorly reasoned bets. Try to limit the amount of money you wager on teams or players you’re emotionally attached to. Alternatively, look for opportunities to bet on neutral games where personal feelings won’t interfere.
3. Track and Review Betting Patterns: Keep a record of your bets, including the reasoning behind each one and the outcome. Over time, you may notice patterns, such as betting more on favorite teams or overinvesting after a loss. Recognizing these tendencies can help you adjust future strategies to stay more objective.
4. Take Breaks When Needed: If you find yourself betting impulsively or “chasing” after a loss, it might be wise to take a break. Giving yourself time away from betting can clear your mind, allowing you to return with a fresh, objective perspective.
Understanding the Value of Objective Analysis
In sports betting, value is found in assessing odds and comparing them to actual probabilities. Odds reflect a combination of factors, from team performance to public perception, and even individual player stats. For instance, player-specific metrics like Aaron Rodgers player odds may offer valuable insights, especially when factoring in performance trends, injuries, or recent games. Analyzing these detailed odds alongside overall game stats helps bettors avoid the common pitfall of placing hopeful, emotional bets that may lack real value.
When emotion enters the equation, it’s easy to overlook true value, focusing on high-stakes or biased bets instead. By paying attention to player odds and using objective analysis, you’ll be better positioned to spot value where odds align with the likelihood of outcomes, improving returns and reducing the risks tied to emotional decision-making.
The Long-Term Benefits of Rational Betting
Sticking to rational, well-reasoned betting strategies not only improves your chances of success but also makes betting a more enjoyable and sustainable activity. Betting without emotional influence helps you stay in control, reducing stress and frustration associated with losses. Furthermore, disciplined betting habits help build a foundation for long-term profitability, transforming betting from an emotional rollercoaster into a calculated, engaging pursuit.
In conclusion, betting on the NFL or CFL can be thrilling, but it requires an approach grounded in data, strategy, and self-control. By setting aside emotions, analyzing information, and adopting a disciplined mindset, you’ll be better equipped to make informed choices and avoid the pitfalls of impulsive betting.
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Popular Casino Games at 1Red
1Red Casino has quickly emerged as one of the best casino betting platforms available for betting enthusiasts in Canada. Players can find tons of casino games available to place bets on this platform and secure winnings. They will be able to start playing the games within a few minutes with the help of the simple and user-friendly interface of the betting platform. However, new users may also find it challenging to choose any casino game and start placing bets as the number of games available on this site is massive. Players can check out the list of popular games at 1Red Casino below.
Slots
Slot games are the centre of attraction for casino betting enthusiasts at 1Red, as they will be able to find an extensive range of slot games available at this site. This includes slot games from several popular developers around the world, such as NetEnt, Pragmatic Play, Evolution Gaming, Micro Gaming, Play’N Go, and many others. Players will be able to enjoy playing across the classic slot games and even the modern titles, with the opportunity to grab impressive winnings. Also, they will be able to place bets over the progressive jackpot games and secure massive winnings.
Table Games at 1Red
At 1Red, even the classic casino enthusiasts will be able to find the popular table games available for them to place bets and secure winnings. They will be able to use the skills and strategies to place bets at the popular table games on the site, which are as follows:
- Baccarat: Players will be going against the dealer to place bets on which hand will have the card values closer to 9.
- Blackjack: It is also similar to Baccarat, as players go against the dealer with the main objective of getting their card values close to 21 and not exceeding the same to secure winnings.
- Roulette: In this game, a wheel is spun in every round, and players can place bets on the numbers or colors to grab winnings.
- Poker: Players can test their strategy by playing the Poker game, going against the other fellow players with the best card combination decided as the winner.
Live Dealer Games at 1Red
1Red casino betting platform also allows users to play the Live dealer games, where they can join the live streams of the games and start placing bets with the availability of real-time dealers and other players at the same table. These games will have professional dealers who will be providing them with a real-time gambling experience. It even allows users to communicate with each other at the same time, through which they can increase interaction and even learn more strategies. The casino games that players will be able to play in the live casino section include Baccarat, Blackjack, Roulette, Poker, and various others, with their variations.
Specialty Games
The specialty games at 1Red are also gaining a lot of popularity among betting enthusiasts in Canada. These games are useful for those bettors who want to place bets on casino games that are based on luck. They will be able to find various games, such as Keno, Bingo, and Scratch cards, where they can start playing with small amounts and even get a chance to secure massive winnings. Along with that, these games can be played quickly by the bettors, which will help them reveal their winnings within a few minutes and gear up for the upcoming round of the game.
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